GLASS STUDIO, BASED

IN BULGARIA SINCE 2018

The "Cristal" Factory (ZAVOD KRISTAL), Nevena Georgieva, 2023

Mould-making
Casting
Painting
Nevena Georgieva

About The "Cristal" Factory (ZAVOD KRISTAL)

The "Cristal" Factory (ZAVOD KRISTAL) was built in the 1930s near Pernik, Bulgaria, as a Bulgarian-Belgian company. The factory primarily produced flat glass of varying thickness. The manufacturing process used specialized Furco machines for the vertical extrusion of glass sheets. Over the years, the factory also produced glass jars, tempered glass, and handled various specialized orders. However, on April 27, 1998, Bulgargaz EAD abruptly halted the factory's natural gas supply. The official explanation was the company's accumulation of significant debt. But what did this mean for a 24-hour production cycle, with 700 tons of molten glass inside the ovens, ready for continuous operation?

The hardened glass from the damaged ovens—now rendered unusable—became a point of departure for artistic interpretation. Scanned and digitally manipulated, these deformed images transform into new shapes. The impossibility of producing the glass as a real object embeds its silhouette into the glass surface, imbuing it with new meanings. Artifacts and memorabilia, gathered from loved ones, acquaintances, strangers—bought, gifted, and borrowed—are among the few objects that can be confidently said to have been produced at the factory. Interestingly, these items were not part of the factory's mass production. Former employees from whom these objects were collected claim they were made for "internal use" and never sold commercially. These objects were gifted to relatives, friends, factory visitors, schoolchildren, students, and workers, commemorating notable contributions to specific activities. Each object is unique, with the glass flowing and fusing in distinct combinations of colors before cooling, seemingly forever—until destroyed or repurposed into something new. Images of these objects have also been transformed using a scanner and included in an imaginary, never-existing catalog of the factory's souvenirs.

Today, in the same area that still bears the name "Crystal Factory," a popular chocolate factory operates. Ironically, the Bulgarian-Belgian connection remains relevant through the production of chocolates, reminiscent of the well-known Belgian chocolate sea figures. The glass artifacts from the former factory are now repurposed into a new, unexpected form: a candy box that merges the past with the present.

The exhibition has taken place in: Depoo Gallery, Sofia (02.11.-14.11.2023) and Krakra Gallery, Pernik (21.11.-11.12.2023)

Production team: project manager and artist - Nevena Georgieva technical glass producer - Nikola Grozdanov assistent technical glass producer - Milen Katrankiovski photographer - Radostin Sedevchev coordinator - Victoria Mitreva

Special thanks to: State Agency Archives - Pernik Regional History Museum Pernik Art Gallery - Pernik Depoo Gallery

The project has been carried out with the financial support of National Culture Fund, Debuts Program